Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Pressure and Boiling Point
| The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boiling point also
changes. |
| For example, water boils at a lower temperature the lower
the pressure. |
| The vapor pressure curves for water and refrigerant R134a
show that, at constant pressure, reducing the temperature
changes vapor to liquid (in the condenser) or that reducing the
pressure causes the refrigerant to change from liquid to vapor
(evaporator). |
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|
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| Vapor pressure curve of water |
| C - |
Vapor pressure curve of water |
| 1 - |
Pressure acting on liquid in bar (psi) |
| 2 - |
Temperature in °C (°F) |
|
|
|
| Vapor pressure curve of refrigerant R134a |
| D - |
Vapor pressure curve of refrigerant R134a |
| 1 - |
Pressure acting on liquid in bar (psi) |
| 2 - |
Temperature in °C (°F) |
|
|
|
The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants.
1 -
gaseous (invisible)
2&n ...
The vapor pressure table for every refrigerant is published
in literature for refrigeration system engineers. This table
makes it possible to determine the vapor pres ...
Other materials:
Oxygen Sensor Unit Protective Pipes
Note
In addition to using the part number, the protective pipe
can also be used for identification.
Version D1, 6 openings, 3.5 mm each
Only used with the 4-pin oxygen sen ...
Tires and Rims, Matching
If necessary repair flat spots from standing. Refer to
→ Chapter „Flat Spots, Correcting“.
–
Dismount the tire. Refer to
→ Chapter „Tires, Dismounting“.
–
Turn the ...
Warning and indicator lamps
The warning and indicator lamps indicate various warnings , faults or certain
functions. Some warning and indicator lamps light up when the ignition is
switched on and should go out once the engine is running or the vehicle is in
motion.
Depending on the vehicle's equipment level, additional ...
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Physical Principles
Refrigerant R134a Vapor Pressure Table