Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles
| The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants. |
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| When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water
vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated
through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible
gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from
gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice. |
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Heat Transfer
| Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The
fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of
their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a
result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down
and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process
continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at
the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no
further heat exchange takes place. |
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The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...
Other materials:
Start/stop system
Fig. 119 In the upper part of the centre
console: button for the start/stop system
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings If the start/stop system is activated, the
engine will be switched off automatically when the vehicle is stationary. When required,
t ...
Release Tool Set -VAS1978/35
The Release Tool Set -VAS1978/35- is used to release the
various primary and secondary locking mechanisms on VW-group
vehicles. The set consists of 26 different tools which can be
used to professionally release or assemble e.g. round connector
systems, f ...
A/C Service Station, Emptying
Caution
If it is suspected that chemicals were added to the
refrigerant circuit to seal leaks, do not connect the
A/C service station and do not extract the refrigerant.
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Pressure and Boiling Point