Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles
| The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants. |
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| When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water
vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated
through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible
gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from
gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice. |
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Heat Transfer
| Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The
fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of
their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a
result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down
and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process
continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at
the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no
further heat exchange takes place. |
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The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...
Other materials:
A/C Service Station, Connecting for Measuring and Testing
Caution
If it is suspected that chemicals were added to the
refrigerant circuit to seal leaks, do not connect the
A/C service station and do not extract the refrigerant.
...
Fitting the removable ball coupling
Fig. 91 Overview: removable ball coupling
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings
The removable ball coupling is located under the luggage compartment floor with
the vehicle toolkit.
Key for :
Cap
Ball coupling
Retaining balls
Catch for locking ...
Tire Wear, Outer Shoulder
Improper Use of Air Suspension Height Adjustment
The use of off road levels is only recommended when driving
off road. The permanent use of off road levels on normal roads
can lead to increased tire wear because the changed height
change ...
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Pressure and Boiling Point