Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles

Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual / Refrrigerant R134a Servicing / A/C System, General Information / A/C Technology Basic Principles / Physical Principles

The four known states of water also apply to air conditioning system refrigerants.

1 -	gaseous (invisible)

2 -

vapor

3 -

fluid

4 -

solid

Physical Principles

When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice.

A -	Heat absorption

B -	Heat emission

Physical Principles

Heat Transfer

Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no further heat exchange takes place.

A/C Technology Basic Principles

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Pressure and Boiling Point

The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...

Other materials:

Mechanical controls on the front seats
Fig. 37 Front left seat controls with convenient entry function. Fig. 38 Front right seat controls without convenient entry function. First read and observe the introductory information and safety warnings Front left seat controls with convenient entry function The layout of the controls ...

Diesel particulate filter
First read and observe the introductory information and safety warningsThe diesel particulate filter filters out soot particles in the exhaust gas. The soot particles gather in the filter and are burnt under high temperatures periodically (regeneration). Heat produced can warm the engine. ...

Possible Concerns
Note The A/C system is functioning correctly when the air flowing from the instrument panel vents has a temperature of 70C or lower. Setting on Climatronic “LO”. Setting on A/C system ...