Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Tire Sidewall Swelling
| A swelling in the flank of the tire indicates that the
substructure of the carcass has been damaged. |
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| Typical causes for such damage include, for example, driving
over curbs at a sharp angle. |
| Pinching the carcass of a tire this way can damage the
carcass. |
| The substructure of the tire is stretched so far that
individual fibers in the carcass may break. |
| The extent of the damage depends on the speed of impact, the
angle of impact, the air pressure, the axle load and the type of
obstacle. |
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| Evidence of Pinching on the Sidewall of a Tire
-arrows- |
 Note
| Driving over curbs must be avoided! |
| When it cannot be avoided, curbs should be driven over very
slowly at the bluntest possible angle. |
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| Interior View of a Tire with a Punctured Carcass. |
| Due to a severe impact, the carcass was pinched on the rim
flange and is ruptured in the contact patch. |
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| Inside Tire Damage Due to Impact Damage (Double Rupture) |
| Double rupture -arrows- caused
by pinching when driving over a curb. Often not detectable from
outside. |
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Cuts
| Cut Caused by a Sharp-Edged Obstacle
-arrow-. |
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A wear spot is a flat spot on the tread of the tires that
can be caused by extreme braking maneuvers on subsurface such as
asphalt.
...
Driving over hard, pointed objects like nails, screws and
the like can pierce the tire.
This always leads to tire damage.
...
Other materials:
Checking with Restrictor and Reservoir, with Internally Regulated A/C
Compressor
Note
Connecting service station. Refer to
→ Chapter „Connecting Service Station“.
Observe test requirements. Refer to
→ Chapter „Pressures, Checking“.
–
...
Repair Paint System for Matte Painted Vehicles
Edition 04/2013
The following describes the repair paint system for matte
painted vehicles. Area of application: large surfaces/complete
painting
Application
Metal Surfaces
...
General Information
In order to be able to force moisture and other contaminants
out of refrigerant circuit, compressed air and nitrogen (to
force moisture out of refrigerant circuit) are to be used.
For the most part, blowing through the refrigerant circui ...
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Wear Spots
Foreign Object Damage