Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Tire Sidewall Swelling
| A swelling in the flank of the tire indicates that the
substructure of the carcass has been damaged. |
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| Typical causes for such damage include, for example, driving
over curbs at a sharp angle. |
| Pinching the carcass of a tire this way can damage the
carcass. |
| The substructure of the tire is stretched so far that
individual fibers in the carcass may break. |
| The extent of the damage depends on the speed of impact, the
angle of impact, the air pressure, the axle load and the type of
obstacle. |
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| Evidence of Pinching on the Sidewall of a Tire
-arrows- |
 Note
| Driving over curbs must be avoided! |
| When it cannot be avoided, curbs should be driven over very
slowly at the bluntest possible angle. |
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| Interior View of a Tire with a Punctured Carcass. |
| Due to a severe impact, the carcass was pinched on the rim
flange and is ruptured in the contact patch. |
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| Inside Tire Damage Due to Impact Damage (Double Rupture) |
| Double rupture -arrows- caused
by pinching when driving over a curb. Often not detectable from
outside. |
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Cuts
| Cut Caused by a Sharp-Edged Obstacle
-arrow-. |
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A wear spot is a flat spot on the tread of the tires that
can be caused by extreme braking maneuvers on subsurface such as
asphalt.
...
Driving over hard, pointed objects like nails, screws and
the like can pierce the tire.
This always leads to tire damage.
...
Other materials:
Wheel, Mounting, Volkswagen Assembly Instructions
Vehicles With Tire Pressure Monitoring Sensor.
If wheels are changed (for example, change from summer to
winter tires), wheel electronics send data as soon as speed of
new wheels exceeds 25 km/h (15.53 mph) The control module
automatical ...
Refrigerant Circuit with Restrictor and Reservoir
Arrows point in direction of refrigerant flow.
A-Low pressure side of refrigerant circuit.
B-High pressure side of refrigerant circuit.
Component
Aggregate state of refrigerant
...
Overview - Rim
1 -
Rim Flange
Stop for the side tire bead
2 -
Hump (H2) on Both Bead Seats
Prevents the tire from slipping off the bead seat when driving
around tight curves
An extended hump (EH2) is requir ...
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Wear Spots
Foreign Object Damage