Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles
| The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants. |
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| When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water
vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated
through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible
gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from
gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice. |
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Heat Transfer
| Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The
fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of
their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a
result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down
and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process
continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at
the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no
further heat exchange takes place. |
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The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...
Other materials:
Introduction
This chapter contains information on the following subjects:
→ Making you and your vehicle safe
→ First aid kit and warning triangle
Additional information and warnings:
Braking, stopping and parking
Manual opening and closing
Vehicle toolkit
Changing a ...
Introduction
This chapter contains information on the following subjects:
→ Locking or unlocking the driver door manually
→ Locking the front passenger door and rear doors manually
→ Unlocking the tailgate manually
→ Unlocking the selector lever lock manually
If the vehic ...
Tire Pressure Monitoring Sensor with Valve, Removing and Installing
Removing
–
Remove the union nut -1-.
–
Remove Tire Pressure Monitoring Sensor-2-
from rim well.
Installing
...
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Pressure and Boiling Point