Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles
| The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants. |
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| When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water
vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated
through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible
gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from
gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice. |
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Heat Transfer
| Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The
fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of
their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a
result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down
and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process
continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at
the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no
further heat exchange takes place. |
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The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...
Other materials:
Overview - Tire Pressure Monitoring Sensor with Valve
1 -
Tire Pressure Monitoring Sensor
Supplied complete as a service part
Removing and Installing. Refer to
→ Chapter „Tire Pressure Monitoring Sensor with Valve, Removing and
Installing“.
When battery ...
Checklist
The following actions must always be carried out in the given
order in preparation for changing the wheel :
In the event of a flat tyre, park
your vehicle on a firm and level surface at a safe distance from the flow of
traffic.
Apply the handbrake firmly Braking,
stopping an ...
Introduction
This chapter contains information on the following subjects:
→ Vehicle key
→ Indicator lamp in the vehicle key
→ Replacing the battery
→ Synchronising the vehicle key
Additional information and warnings:
Settings in the Volkswagen information system
...
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Pressure and Boiling Point