VW Polo manuals

Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles

The four known states of water also apply to air conditioning system refrigerants.
1 -  gaseous (invisible)
2 -  vapor
3 -  fluid
4 -  solid
 

Physical Principles

When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice.
A -  Heat absorption
B -  Heat emission
 

Physical Principles

Heat Transfer

Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no further heat exchange takes place.
   
A/C Technology Basic Principles
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Pressure and Boiling Point
The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...

Other materials:

Antenna Wires, Repairing
Aerial Cable Repair Set -VAS6720 Special tools and workshop equipment required Repair Set, Aerial Cable -VAS6720- Checking the Antenna Wire. Refer to Replacing the Tool Head. Refer to ...

Introduction
This chapter contains information on the following subjects:  → Warning lamp  → Childproof lock Additional information and warnings: Exterior views Vehicle key set Central locking system Manual opening and closing WARNING Any door that is not properly ...

Charging, replacing, disconnecting and connecting the vehicle battery
First read and observe the introductory information and safety warningsCharging the battery The vehicle battery should be charged by a qualified workshop, as the technology used in factory-fitted batteries requires voltage-limited charging . Volkswagen recommends using a Volkswagen dealership ...

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