Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles
| The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants. |
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| When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water
vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated
through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible
gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from
gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice. |
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Heat Transfer
| Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The
fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of
their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a
result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down
and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process
continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at
the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no
further heat exchange takes place. |
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The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...
Other materials:
Decorative Trims, Replacing, Bolted Decorative Trims
These disc wheels are equipped with replaceable decoration
elements. Note the following when installing.
–
Clean the thread in the disc wheel before screwing in the
new bolts.
...
Side Wall Lettering, Standard Tire
Example: Continental ContiPremiumContact 2
1 -
Size Designation
For example B. 205/55 R 16. Refer to
→ Anchor
2 -
Position of Tread Wear Indicators (TWI)
3 -
Manufacturer (Tr ...
Light Alloy Wheels, Care and Maintenance
To maintain the decorative appearance of light alloy wheels
for a long time, regular care is necessary.
In particular, road salt and dust from brake abrasion must
be thoroughly washed off every two weeks. Otherwise, the paint
of the ligh ...
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Pressure and Boiling Point