Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles
| The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants. |
|
|
|
| When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water
vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated
through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible
gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from
gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice. |
|
|
|
Heat Transfer
| Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The
fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of
their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a
result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down
and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process
continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at
the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no
further heat exchange takes place. |
|
|
|
The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...
Other materials:
Introduction
This chapter contains information on the following subjects:
→ Warning lamp
→ Frontal collisions and the laws of physics
→ What happens to vehicle occupants who have not fastened their seat belts
→ Seat belt protection
→ Using seat belts
→ ...
Refrigerant Circuit with Restrictor and Reservoir
Arrows point in direction of refrigerant flow.
A-Low pressure side of refrigerant circuit.
B-High pressure side of refrigerant circuit.
Component
Aggregate state of refrigerant
...
Retrofitting a towing bracket
Fig. 92 Dimensions and attachment points
for retrofitting a towing bracket
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings
Volkswagen recommends having the towing bracket retrofitted by a qualified workshop.
The cooling system may need to be modified or heat shields ...
© 2016-2026 Copyright www.vwpolo.net
Pressure and Boiling Point