Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Critical Point
Vehicle air conditioning systems make use of the
vaporization and condensation process. In this case, one works
with a substance which boils easily, designated as refrigerant. |
The refrigerant employed is tetrafluoroethane R134a, which
boils at -26.5 °C (-15.7 °F) at a vapor pressure of 1 bar (14.5
psi). |
The critical point (critical temperature and critical
pressure) is that above which there is no longer a boundary
between liquid and gas. |
A substance above its critical point is always in the
gaseous state. |
At temperatures below the critical point, all types of
refrigerant in pressure vessels exhibit both a liquid and a gas
phase, i.e. there is a layer of gas above the liquid. |
As long as there is still gas present in the container next
to the fluid, pressure is dependent on ambient temperature.
Refer to
→ Chapter „Refrigerant R134a Vapor Pressure Table“. |
Note
Different types of refrigerant are never to be mixed. Only
the refrigerant designated for the corresponding A/C system may
be used. |
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Vehicle air conditioning systems make use of the
vaporization and condensation process. In this case, one works
with a substance which boils easily, designated as ref ...
Vehicle air conditioning systems make use of the
vaporization and condensation process. In this case, one works
with a substance which boils easily, designated as ref ...
Other materials:
Side Wall Lettering, Standard Tire
Example: Continental ContiPremiumContact 2
1 -
Size Designation
For example B. 205/55 R 16. Refer to
→ Anchor
2 -
Position of Tread Wear Indicators (TWI)
3 -
Manufacturer (Tr ...
Changing bulbs in the front headlights (Xenon)
Fig. 181 Rear view of right-hand
Xenon headlight: ① cornering light and ② turn signal
First read and observe the introductory
information and safety warnings
The headlight needs to be removed in order to change a bulb.
The actions should only be carried ...
Aquaplus System (Pearl Effect and Heliochrome)
Definition:
Water-Based Pearl Effect Base Paint -LPW 040 ...-
Water-Based Heliochrome Base Paint -LHW 046 ...-
Water-Based Pearl Effect Mixed Paint -LWM 076 ...-
Editio ...
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