Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles
| The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants. |
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| When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water
vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated
through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible
gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from
gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice. |
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Heat Transfer
| Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The
fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of
their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a
result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down
and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process
continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at
the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no
further heat exchange takes place. |
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The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...
Other materials:
Securing mounts, roof bars or load carrying system
Fig. 90 Securing points for mounts or
roof bars (both sides) A: for 2-door vehicles without roof railing. B: for 4-door
vehicles without roof railing. C: for vehicles with roof railing
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings
Mounts or roof bars serve as the b ...
Support Mode with Battery Charger -VAS5903
General Information
The support mode provides the vehicle electrical system with
voltage when the battery is removed or disconnected.
For more information. Refer to Battery Charger -VAS5903-
Operating Instructions.
...
Handling Pressure Vessels
Secure vessels to prevent them falling over!
Secure upright cylinders to stop them falling over and
cylinders lying flat to stop them rolling away.
Do not throw vessels!
If dropped, the vessels cou ...
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Pressure and Boiling Point