VW Polo manuals

Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles

The four known states of water also apply to air conditioning system refrigerants.
1 -  gaseous (invisible)
2 -  vapor
3 -  fluid
4 -  solid
 

Physical Principles

When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice.
A -  Heat absorption
B -  Heat emission
 

Physical Principles

Heat Transfer

Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no further heat exchange takes place.
   
A/C Technology Basic Principles
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Pressure and Boiling Point
The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...

Other materials:

Factory Paint Paint Structure
Structure of a Solid-Color Paint System, Conventional Approximately 80-120 µm thick 1 -  Steel Panel 2 -  Zinc Phosphate Coating 3 -  Electr ...

Tire Wear, Outer Shoulder
Improper Use of Air Suspension Height Adjustment The use of off road levels is only recommended when driving off road. The permanent use of off road levels on normal roads can lead to increased tire wear because the changed height change ...

Test Requirements
Radiator and condenser are clean (clean if necessary). The ribbed belt for the A/C compressor and alternator tensioned correctly. All air ducts, covers and seals are OK and installed correctly. ...

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