Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles
| The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants. |
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| When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water
vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated
through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible
gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from
gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice. |
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Heat Transfer
| Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The
fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of
their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a
result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down
and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process
continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at
the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no
further heat exchange takes place. |
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The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...
Other materials:
Adhesive/Sealant
Definition:
Adhesive/Sealant -D 511 500 A2-, gray
Adhesive/Sealant -D 511 510 A2-, black
Edition 04/2009
Product Description
Adhesive/Sealant -D 511 50 ...
Refrigerant Circuit Repair Information
WARNING
When performing work on refrigerant circuit, observe
all generally applicable safety precautions and pressure
vessel regulations.
Cautio ...
Cigarette Lighter Illumination Bulb -L28-, Removing and Installing
Note
On some vehicle equipment levels, socket illumination is via
Light Emitting Diode (LED) instead of a bulb. These LEDs are
integrated with the illumination housing and cannot be serviced
or replaced separately.
...
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Pressure and Boiling Point