Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles
| The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants. |
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| When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water
vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated
through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible
gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from
gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice. |
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Heat Transfer
| Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The
fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of
their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a
result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down
and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process
continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at
the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no
further heat exchange takes place. |
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The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...
Other materials:
Technical Requirements
Factory-Installed Trailer Hitch
If the vehicle was already delivered from the factory with a
trailer hitch, all of the technical and legal requirements for
towing a trailer have already been taken into account.
Note that a »13-pin« trailer ...
Foreword
Foreword
(Edition 10.2014)
The content of this guide has been divided into two section.
The first section contains information and important tips
about “towing a trailer”. For example, technical requ ...
Information on the air conditioning system
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings The cooling system for the vehicle interior
only works when the engine is running and the blower is switched on.
The air conditioning system operates most effectively with the windows and the
electric panorama sliding ...
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Pressure and Boiling Point