VW Polo manuals

Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Cross-Section of a Radial Ply Tire

Cross-Section of a Radial Ply Tire

1 -  Tread Block
2 -  Tread Groove
3 -  Tread
4 -  Nylon Ply
5 -  Belt Layers
Consists mostly of steel
6 -  Bead Bundle
Consists of steel wires vulcanized into rubber
Make sure secure seating of the tire on the rim
7 -  Bead Filler
8 -  Wheel Flange Protection
Protects the rim and tire from abrasion due to, for example, contact with the curb.
Tires with flange protection are designated by the abbreviation MFS.

 
The nylon ply -4-, belts -5-, bead cores -6- and bead reinforcements -7- make up the carcass. The carcass is the “load-bearing structure” of the tire.
Overview - Radial Ply Tire
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Run-Flat Tire, Structure and Identification, SST Tire
Run-Flat Tires, Dismounting and Mounting. Refer to → Chapter „Tires, Mounting“. A Tire Pressure Monitoring Display is Necessary When Us ...

Other materials:

Test Requirements
  Note Check cooling performance. The A/C system is functioning correctly when the air flowing from the instrument panel vents has a temperature of 70C or lower. Setting on Climatronic “LO”. ...

Warning lamp and coolant temperature display
Fig. 138 Coolant temperature display in instrument cluster: Ⓐ cold; Ⓑ normal; Ⓒ warning First read and observe the introductory information and safety warningsA display for the coolant temperature may be, depending on the vehicle equipment, located in instrument cluster. In normal driv ...

Special Connector Systems
  Note If necessary, housing securing mechanisms (secondary locks) must be released or removed using specified tool before releasing the contacts. Refer to → Chapter „Secondary Lock“.     ...

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